Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P STYLE="margin:0 0 7 0;"><SPAN>Identifies areas located within the 100 year flood zone. UPDATED 8/11/2021. Data was gathered from FEMA and can be found here: </SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 7 0;"><A href="https://hazards-fema.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=8b0adb51996444d4879338b5529aa9cd"><SPAN><SPAN>https://hazards-fema.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=8b0adb51996444d4879338b5529aa9cd</SPAN></SPAN></A></P><P><SPAN STYLE="font-weight:bold;">Flood Zones:</SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN STYLE="font-weight:bold;"><SPAN>A: </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>Areas with a 1% annual chance of flooding and a 26% chance of flooding over the life of a 30‐year mortgage. Because detailed analyses are not performed for such areas; no depths or base flood elevations are shown within these zones.</SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN STYLE="font-weight:bold;"><SPAN>AE: </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>The base floodplain where base flood elevations are provided. AE Zones are now used on new format FIRMs instead of A1‐A30 Zones.</SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN STYLE="font-weight:bold;"><SPAN>AH: </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>Areas with a 1% annual chance of shallow flooding, usually in the form of a pond, with an average depth ranging from 1 to 3 feet. These areas have a 26% chance of flooding over the life of a 30‐year mortgage. Base flood elevations derived from detailed analyses are shown at selected intervals within these zones.</SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN STYLE="font-weight:bold;"><SPAN>AO: </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>River or stream flood hazard areas, and areas with a 1% or greater chance of shallow flooding each year, usually in the form of sheet flow, with an average depth ranging from 1 to 3 feet. These areas have a 26% chance of flooding over the life of a 30‐year mortgage. Average flood depths derived from detailed analyses are shown within these zones.</SPAN></P><P><SPAN /></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN>Lake Tahoe boundary delineation, generated by alligning the shore edge with the contour 6229', also known as the High Water Line. The High Water Line was generated from the 2010 LiDAR DEM.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN>A point representing the deepest spot in Lake Tahoe. This was derived from the USGS bathymetry DEM.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN><SPAN>This data set is a digital soil survey and generally is the most detailed level of soil geographic data developed by the National Cooperative Soil Survey. The information was prepared by digitizing maps, by compiling information onto a planimetric correct base and digitizing, or by revising digitized maps using remotely sensed and other information. This data set consists of georeferenced digital map data and computerized attribute data. The map data are in a soil survey area extent format and include a detailed, field verified inventory of soils and miscellaneous areas that normally occur in a repeatable pattern on the landscape and that can be cartographically shown at the scale mapped. A special soil features layer (point and line features) is optional. This layer displays the location of features too small to delineate at the mapping scale, but they are large enough and contrasting enough to significantly influence use and management. The soil map units are linked to attributes in the National Soil Information System relational database, which gives the proportionate extent of the component soils and their properties.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P><SPAN /></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Service Item Id: a972f3730613488cbf1e255bebdda21d
Copyright Text: The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. 2014.
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN>Indicates land capability boundaries within the Lake Tahoe Basin. This version of the land capability data is the non-adopted version of Bailey's Land Capability Classifications.</SPAN></P><P><SPAN>This GIS layer was used in the Regional Plan Update EIS and in the 2011 Soils Conservation Threshold analysis since it was determined to be the best available information. However, the EIS also included the adopted Bailey Sinclair land capabiltiy version since this data layer is not adopted and it contains much less SEZ acreage.</SPAN></P><P><SPAN>This was confirmed by comparing the acreage for SEZ (1B) areas. The acreages match the analysis for the 2007 NRCS land capability version provided in the RPU EIS (table 3-2 shows 11,304 acres of 1b) and the 2011 Soils Threshold Analysis (Table 5-3 shows 11,304 acres of 1b).</SPAN></P><P><SPAN /></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN>The Stream Environment Zone (SEZ) map for the Lake Tahoe Basin was created by compiling the best available information on hydrological features in the Basin, including a wetlands map created from high-resolution LiDAR and imagery, thematic layers for riparian vegetation, fens, and seeps\springs from the U.S. Forest Service, soils from the U.S. Natural Resources Conservation Service (SSURGO), and 100-year flood zones (FEMA). These layers capture specific elements of the intended classification and also leverage resources previously committed to mapping projects in the Lake Tahoe Basin. All pertinent layers were compiled into a single, seamless map using eCognition (Trimble), state-of-the-art image classification software that permits efficient and rapid analysis of large volumes of data in multiple formats, including multispectral imagery, LiDAR, and thematic GIS datasets. This functionality was especially helpful in refining the initial SEZ map, permitting spectral classification of available WorldView-2 imagery (leaf on, acquired in 2010) when the thematic datasets could not capture individual classes in their entirety and also facilitating smoothing of the final product. The SEZ classification was designed with 7 primary classes: Fens, Forested, Freshwater Estuarine, Lacustrine, Meadows, Riverine, and Seeps\Springs. Two classes were further divided into sub-categories: Lacustrine into permanent water bodies (Lakes and Ponds) and beaches along Lake Tahoe (Lake Tahoe Beaches); and Riverine into several channel types (Confined Channel vs. Unconfined Channel). Note, however, that no systematic, reliable criteria could be identified for differentiating Unconfined Channels from other riparian classes (e.g., Meadows and Forested), so this class was not used in the final classification.</SPAN><SPAN>Note that the SEZ classes should be considered </SPAN><SPAN STYLE="font-style:italic;"><SPAN>potential</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>aquatic features; because some of the features were developed from soils and LiDAR-derived topographical and hydrological models, they do not necessarily reflect actual land-use conditions. This reality is particularly evident in the Forested class, which encompasses developed land uses (e.g., roads, buildings) south of Lake Tahoe and in other suburbanized parts of the basin.</SPAN></SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Service Item Id: a972f3730613488cbf1e255bebdda21d
Copyright Text: This SEZ map was compiled by the Spatial Informatics Group (SIG). Funding was provided by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management through the Southern Nevada Lands Management Act capital program.
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Brief Methods: </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN>In version 2 of the Sierra Nevada Multi-source Meadow Polygons Compilation, polygon boundaries from the original layer (SNMMPC_v1 - https://meadows.ucdavis.edu/data/4) were updated using ‘heads-up’ digitization from high-resolution (1m) NAIP imagery. In version 1, only polygons larger than one acre were retained in the published layer. In version 2, existing polygon boundaries were split, reduced in size, or merged, and additional polygons not captured in the original layer were digitized. If split, original IDs from version 1 were retained for one half and a new ID was created for the other half. In instances where adjacent meadows were merged together, only one ID was retained and the unused ID was “decommissioned”. If digitized, a new sequential ID was assigned. </SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Acknowledgements</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN>Tim Lindemann, Dave Weixelman, Carol Clark, Stacey Mikulovsky, Qiqi Jiang, Joel Grapentine, Kirk Evans - USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region </SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Wes Kitlasten - U.S. Geological Survey </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN>Sarah Yarnell, Ryan Peek, Nick Santos - UC Davis, Center for Watershed Sciences </SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Anna Fryjoff-Hung - UC Merced </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Meadow Polygon Attributes </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><TABLE><TBODY><TR><TD><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Field</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Description</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>AREA_ACRE</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Meadow area in acres</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>STATE</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>State in which the meadow is located (CA or NV)</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ID*</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Unique meadow identifier UCDSNMxxxxxx</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>*Note: IDs are non-sequential* </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>HUC12</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Unique identifier for the Hydrologic Unit Code (HUC), level 12, in which the meadow is located</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>OWNERSHIP</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Land ownership status (multiple sources)</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>EDGE_COMPLEXITY</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Gives an indication of the meadow's exposure to external conditions EDGE COMPLEXITY = (MEADOWperimeter/EAC perimeter) [EAC = Equal Area Circle]</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>DOM_ROCKTYPE</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Dominant rock type on which the meadow is located </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>based on the USGS layer</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>VEG_MAJORITY</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Vegetation majority based on the LANDFIRE layer (GROUPVEG attribute)</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>SOIL_SURVEY</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Soil survey from which SOIL_COKEY, MAPUNIT_Kf, MAPUNIT_ClayTot_r, SOIL_MUKEY, and SOIL_COMP_NAME were assigned to each meadow (SSURGO or STATSGO depending on layer coverage)</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>SOIL_MUKEY</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Mapunit Key: Unique identifier for the Mapunit in which the meadow is located</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>SOIL_COKEY</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Component Key: Unique identifier for the major component of the mapunit in which the meadow is located </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>SOIL_COMP_NAME</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Component Name: Name of the soil component with the highest representative value in the mapunit in which the meadow is located </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>MAPUNIT_Kf</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>K factor: A soil erodibility factor that quantifies the susceptibility of soil particles to detachment by water. Low: 0.05-0.2 Moderate: 0.25-0.4, High: >0.4</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>MAPUNIT_ClayTot_r</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Representative value (%)of total clay</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>CATCHMENT_AREA</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>The approximate area of the upstream catchment exiting through the meadow(sq. m)</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ELEV_MEAN</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Mean elevation (m)</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ELEV_RANGE</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Elevation range (m) across each meadow</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ED_MIN_FStopo_ROADS</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Minimum Euclidean Distance (m) to Forest Service Topographic Map Data Transportation Roads </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ED_MIN_FStopo_TRAILS</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Minimum Euclidean Distance (m) to Forest Service Topographic Map Data Transportation Trails </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ED_MIN_LAKE</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Minimum Euclidean Distance (m) to lake edges </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ED_MIN_FLOW</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Minimum Euclidean Distance (m) to NHD Streams/Rivers </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ED_MIN_SEEP</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Minimum Euclidean Distance (m) to NHD Seeps/Springs </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>MDW_DEM_SLOPE</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Median DEM based slope (in degrees)</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>STRM_SLOPE_GRADE</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Length-weighted average slope of all NHD flowline segments in each meadow. Given for meadows with flowlines. Meadows without flowlines are null for this attribute.</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>POUR_POINT_LAT</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Latitude of the lowest point along a flowline at which water flows out of the meadow </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>in decimal degrees</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>(meadow with no flowline has null value) </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>POUR_POINT_LON</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Longitude of the lowest point along a flowline at which water flows out of the meadow </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>in decimal degrees</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>(meadow with no flowline has null value) </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>HGM_Type</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Dominant meadow hydrogeomorphic (HGM) type </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>LAT_DD</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Latitude of polygon centroid in decimal degrees</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>LONG_DD</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Longitude of polygon centroid in decimal degrees</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Shape_Length</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Meadow perimeter in meters</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Shape_Area</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Meadow area in sq. meters</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P /></TD><TD><P /></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><P /><P /><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Detailed Attribute Descriptions:</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN STYLE="font-style:italic;"><SPAN>Geology</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Field: DOM_ROCKTYPE</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Data Source: USGS - </SPAN></SPAN><A href="https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1305/"><SPAN><SPAN>https://pubs.usgs.gov/of/2005/1305/</SPAN></SPAN></A></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Dominant rock type was attributed to the meadow polygons based on available state geology layers. Using Zonal Statisitics in ArcGIS, the most abundant lithology in the map unit (ROCKTYPE1) was identified for each meadow. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P /><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN STYLE="font-style:italic;"><SPAN>Vegetation</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Field: VEG_MAJORITY</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Data Source: LANDFIRE - </SPAN></SPAN><A href="https://www.landfire.gov/version_comparison.php?mosaic=Y"><SPAN><SPAN>https://www.landfire.gov/version_comparison.php?mosaic=Y</SPAN></SPAN></A></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Using Zonal Statisitics in ArcGIS, the 2014 LANDFIRE dataset was used to attribute generalized vegetation (GROUPVEG) to the meadow polygons. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN STYLE="font-style:italic;"><SPAN>Soils</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Fields: SOIL_SURVEY, SOIL_MUKEY, SOIL_COKEY, SOIL_COMP_NAME, MAPUNIT_Kf, MAPUNIT_ClayTot_r</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Data Source: USDA, Natural Resources Conservation Service</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>SSURGO: </SPAN></SPAN><A href="https://gdg.sc.egov.usda.gov/"><SPAN><SPAN>https://gdg.sc.egov.usda.gov/</SPAN></SPAN></A></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>STATSGO: </SPAN></SPAN><A href="https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/App/HomePage.htm"><SPAN><SPAN>https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/App/HomePage.htm</SPAN></SPAN></A></P><P /><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>SSURGO (1:24,000 scale) datasets were compiled for the entirety of the study area. Gaps were filled with compiled STATSGO data (1:250,000 scale). </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Components were assigned based on the soil component with the highest representative value in the map unit in which the meadow was located. For each component, the clay and Kf values from the top-most horizon were assigned to each meadow polygon using Zonal Statistics. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Note: MAPUNIT_Kf may be null if the mapunit dominant condition is a miscellaneous area component such as Rock outcrop. Also, forested components with organic litter surface horizons will also return a null K-factor when the surface horizon K-factor is used.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>STATSGO does not have the detail for approximation of soil properties in the mountain meadows. The polygons are so big (Order 4) that they do not recognize the soils in the meadows as unique components, so there are no data for the meadows anywhere in those map units. As for the K and clay values for CA790 (Yosemite NP), because it is a new survey, O horizons were populated for those components. There may be a similar issue with the Tahoe Basin. NRCS does not populate the K factor for O horizons. And, at least at the time, NRCS is not populating any mineral material in the O horizons. Many NRCS national interpretations have been edited to look at the first mineral horizon and exclude the O. There is also a lot of Rock Outcrop and no horizon data are populated for those components.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Slope </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Field: MDW_DEM_SLOPE </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Data Source: USGS 10m DEM</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>The median Digital elevation model (DEM) based slope (in degrees) was assigned via Zonal Statistics to each meadow.</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>All meadows have a value for this attribute. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Field: STREAM_SLOPE_GRADE</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Data Source: USGS National Hydrograpy Dataset (NHD) - </SPAN></SPAN><A href="https://nhd.usgs.gov/data.html"><SPAN><SPAN>https://nhd.usgs.gov/data.html</SPAN></SPAN></A></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>A length-weighted average slope of all NHD flowline segments was calculated within each meadow polygon. Meadows with no NHD flowline will have a NULL value for this attribute. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN STYLE="font-style:italic;"><SPAN>Catchment Area</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Field: MDW_CATCHMENT_AREA (sq meters)</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Data Source: USGS NHDPlus V2, </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>NHDPlusHydrodem</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>- </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://www.horizon-systems.com/NHDPlus/NHDPlusV2_home.php"><SPAN><SPAN>http://www.horizon-systems.com/NHDPlus/NHDPlusV2_home.php</SPAN></SPAN></A></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Script Source: USGS, Wes </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>Kitlasten; USFS, Kirk Evans, Carol Clark</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Using python scripting and the Watershed tool in ArcGIS, the area of the upstream catchment exiting through the meadow was obtained using a flow direction raster created from the </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>NHDPlusHydrodem.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Euclidean Distance </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Fields: ED_MIN_SEEP, ED_MIN_LAKE, ED_MIN_FLOW, ED_MIN_FSTopo_ROADS, ED_MIN_FSTopo_TRAILS</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Data Source: </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>USGS National Hydrograpy Dataset (NHD) - </SPAN></SPAN><A href="https://nhd.usgs.gov/data.html"><SPAN><SPAN>https://nhd.usgs.gov/data.html</SPAN></SPAN></A></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>FSTopo - </SPAN></SPAN><A href="https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/edw/datasets.php?xmlKeyword=FSTopo"><SPAN><SPAN>https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/edw/datasets.php?xmlKeyword=FSTopo</SPAN></SPAN></A></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 11 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Using the Euclidean Distance (Spatial Analyst) tool in ArcGIS, the minimum distance to each meadow was calculated for NHD Springs/Seeps, NHD Streams/Rivers (flow), NHD Waterbodies (lakes), and FS Topographic Transportation Trails and Roads. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P /><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>HGM Type </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>During the mapping process, the dominant Hydrogeomorphic (HGM) type (Weixelman et al 2011) was estimated for each meadow larger than one acre. Visual inspection of NAIP 1-m resolution imagery was used in this process. DEM layers were used to estimate the landform position. The USGS hydrographic layer was used to determine locations of flowlines. Google Earth imagery was used to estimate greenness during the summer months. Meadows are often composed of more than one HGM type. In this effort, the dominant type was estimated. HGM types have not yet been estimated for Yosemite and Sequoia Kings Canyon National Parks. Types were mapped according to the following visual interpretation. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><OL STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;padding:0 0 0 0;"><LI><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Meadows adjacent to lakes or reservoirs and at nearly the same elevation as the </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Water body</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN><SPAN>Lacustrine Fringe (LF)</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 1;"><SPAN><SPAN>1’. Not as above</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN><SPAN>2</SPAN></SPAN></P><P /></LI><LI><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Meadow sites located in an obvious topographic depression. </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN><SPAN>3</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>2’. Not as above</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN><SPAN>4</SPAN></SPAN></P><P /></LI><LI><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sites with obvious standing water after mid-summer or vegetation remaining dark green after mid-summer. </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN><SPAN>Depressional Perennial (DEPP)</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>3’. Not as above. Sites with no standing water after mid-summer or apparently </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>not remaining dark green after mid-summer.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN><SPAN>Depressional Seasonal (DEPS)</SPAN></SPAN></P><P /></LI><LI><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Meadows with a flow line (using the USGS hydrographic layer) entering from </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>above the meadow and exiting below the meadow, or meadows located in a </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>swale or drainway ………………………………Riparian (RIP)</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 1;"><SPAN><SPAN>4’. Not as above</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN><SPAN>5</SPAN></SPAN></P><P /></LI><LI><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Meadows fed by a spring or seep. No flowline entering from above the meadow. Typically occurring on hillslopes or toeslopes. In addition, the USGS DEM layer was used to look for the text label “Springs” and/or a symbol indicating a spring. </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN><SPAN>Discharge Slope (DS)</SPAN></SPAN></P></LI></OL><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 60;"><SPAN><SPAN>5’. Dry meadows without a visible flowline entering from above the meadow, vegetation greenness disappears by mid-summer. No apparent groundwater inputs from springs or seeps. May occur in a swale, drainageway, gentle hillslope, or crest. </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN><SPAN>Dry (Dry)</SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Ownership</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Field: OWNERSHIP</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Data Sources by priority:</SPAN></SPAN></P><OL STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;padding:0 0 0 0;"><LI><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>USDA Forest Service Basic Ownership (OWNERCLASSIFICATION) - </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>https://data.fs.usda.gov/geodata/edw/datasets.php?dsetCategory=boundaries</SPAN></SPAN></P></LI></OL><OL STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;padding:0 0 0 0;"><LI><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>National Parks Service (UNIT_NAME) - </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/</SPAN></SPAN></P></LI></OL><OL STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;padding:0 0 0 0;"><LI><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>California Protected Areas Database – CPAD (LAYER) - </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://www.calands.org/"><SPAN><SPAN>http://www.calands.org/</SPAN></SPAN></A></P></LI></OL><OL STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;padding:0 0 0 0;"><LI><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Protected Area Database-US (CBI Edition) Version 2.1 (OWN_NAME) - </SPAN></SPAN><A href="http://consbio.org/products/projects/PAD-US-CBI-establishment-dates"><SPAN><SPAN>http://consbio.org/products/projects/PAD-US-CBI-establishment-dates</SPAN></SPAN></A></P></LI></OL><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Ownership values were assigned to each meadow using the above priorities and Zonal Statistics in ArcGIS. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P><SPAN /></P><P><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Datum/Projection </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Projected Coordinate System: NAD_1983_California_Teale_Albers</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Projection: Albers</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>False Easting: 0.00000000</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>False Northing: -4000000.00000000</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Central Meridian: -120.00000000</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Standard Parallel 1: 34.00000000</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Standard Parallel 2: 40.50000000</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Latitude of Origin: 0.00000000</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Linear Unit: Meter</SPAN></SPAN></P><P /></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Service Item Id: a972f3730613488cbf1e255bebdda21d
Copyright Text: Weixelman, D. A., B. Hill, D.J. Cooper, E.L. Berlow, J. H. Viers, S.E. Purdy, A.G. Merrill, and S.E. Gross. 2011. Meadow Hydrogeomorphic Types for the Sierra Nevada and Southern Cascade Ranges in California: A Field Key. Gen. Tech. Rep. R5-TP-034. Vallejo, CA. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region, 34 pp.
UC Davis, Center for Watershed Sciences & USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region, 2017. Sierra Nevada Multi-Source Meadow Polygons Compilation (v 2.0), Vallejo, CA, Regional Office: USDA Forest Service. 2017. http://meadows.ucdavis.edu
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Brief Methods: </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>UC Davis compiled the “best available” meadow polygon layers into a single data layer. Data layers were collected from various agencies, individuals, and organizations. Data layer quality varied based on compilation methods and age; some layers were excluded due to poor data quality. A confidence rank (1 = low, 10 = high) was assigned to the remaining layers which were rasterized at a 10m resolution. The layers were combined and combined raster cells with a summed rank of 2 or less were excluded. Raster cells representing open water were also excluded. A majority filter was run on the resulting remaining cells to reduce boundary heterogeneity, which replaced cell values based on the majority of the eight neighboring cells. Individual meadow polygons were created through a raster to vector conversion that treated all contiguous cells as a single part meadow feature with boundaries smoothed using the Polynomial Approximation with Exponential Kernel (PAEK) method (20 m tolerance to reduce edge complexity). Polygons with an area less than 0.4 ha (< 1 acre) were removed from the final meadow composite. Original IDs and other attributes were attached to the meadow polygons. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P /><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Meadow Polygon Attributes </SPAN></SPAN></P><TABLE><TBODY><TR><TD><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Field</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Description</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>STATE</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>State in which the meadow is located (CA or NV)</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ID*</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Unique meadow identifier UCDSNMxxxxxx</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>*Note: IDs are nonsequential* </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>HUC12</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Unique identifier for the HUC12 in which the meadow is located</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>OWNERSHIP</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Land ownership status </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>EDGE_COMPLEXITY</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Gives an indication of the meadow's exposure to external conditions </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>EDGE COMPLEXITY = (MEADOWperimeter/EAC perimeter) [EAC = Equal Area Circle]</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>DOM_ROCKTYPE</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Dominant rock type on which the meadow is located</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>VEG_MAJORITY</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Vegetation majority based on the LANDFIRE layer</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>SOIL_SURVEY</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Soil survey from which COKEY, Kf, ClayTot_r, MUKEY, and COMP_NAME were assigned to each meadow (SSURGO or STATSGO depending on layer coverage)</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>MUKEY</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Mapunit Key: Unique identifier for the Mapunit in which the meadow is located</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>COKEY</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Component Key: Unique identifier for the major component of the mapunit in which the meadow is located </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>COMP_NAME</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Component Name: Name of the soil component with the highest representative value in the mapunit in which the meadow is located </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Kf</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>K factor: A soil erodibility factor that quantifies the susceptibility of soil particles to detachment by water. Low: 0.05-0.2 Moderate: 0.25-0.4, High: >0.4</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ClayTot_r</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Representative value </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN>(%)</SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>of total clay</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>CATCHMENT_AREA</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>The approximate area of the upstream catchment exiting through the meadow</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>(sq. m)</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ELEV_MEAN</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Mean elevation (m)</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ELEV_RANGE</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Elevation range (m) across each meadow</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>FLOW_RANGE</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>We ran the flow length geoprocessing tool across a statewide 30m DEM then ran Zonal Statistics for each meadow on that raster. This tool measures the number of cells from each location to the nearest ridgetop. The flow range is the range value from the zonal statistics and reflects the range of distances to ridgetop across the meadow.</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>FLOW_SLOPE</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>A slope metric utilizing the range of elevation values (the rise) and the Flow Range previously described (the run). Output is effectively Range(Elevation)/Range(Flow Length to ridgetop) for each meadow.</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ED_MIN_LAKE</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Minimum Euclidean Distance (m) to lake edges </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ED_MIN_FLOW</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Minimum Euclidean Distance (m) to NHD Streams/Rivers </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ED_MIN_SEEP</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Minimum Euclidean Distance (m) to NHD Seeps/Springs </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ED_MIN_FStopo</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Minimum Euclidean Distance (m) to Forest Service Topographic Map Data Transportation layer </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>HGM_Type</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Meadow hydrogeomorphic type </SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>LAT_DD</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Latitude in decimal degrees</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>LONG_DD</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Longitude in decimal degrees</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Shape_Length</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Meadow perimeter in meters</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Shape_Area</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Meadow area in sq. meters</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>AREA_ACRE</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Meadow area in acres</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><P /><P /><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Datum/Projection </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Projected Coordinate System: NAD_1983_California_Teale_Albers</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Projection: Albers</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>False Easting: 0.00000000</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>False Northing: -4000000.00000000</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Central Meridian: -120.00000000</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Standard Parallel 1: 34.00000000</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Standard Parallel 2: 40.50000000</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Latitude of Origin: 0.00000000</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Linear Unit: Meter</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Compiled Sources</SPAN></SPAN></P><TABLE><TBODY><TR><TD><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Layer Name</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Source</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Spatial Coverage</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>AMPH</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Stanislaus National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sierra Nevada</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>AMR</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>American Rivers</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Yuba and Mokelumne watersheds</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>CALVEG</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>USFS Region 5 Clearinghouse</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sierra Nevada</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>ENFa</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Eldorado National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Eldorado National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>INFa</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Inyo National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Inyo National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>INFb</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Inyo National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Inyo National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>INFd</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Inyo National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Inyo National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>INFe</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Inyo National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Inyo National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>INFf</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Inyo National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Kern Plateau</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>JMAA</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Inyo National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>John Muir and Ansel Adams Wilderness</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>LAVO*</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Lassen Volcanic National Park</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Lassen Volcanic National Park</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>LNFa</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Lassen National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Lassen National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>LNFc</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Lassen National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Lassen National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>LNFd</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Lassen National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Lassen National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>NHD</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>USGS - National Hydrography Dataset</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sierra Nevada</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>NWI</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>USFWS - National Wetlands Inventory</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sierra Nevada</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>PNFa</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Plumas National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Plumas National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>SEKIa</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>UC Merced</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sequoia Kings Canyon National Park</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>SNFa</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sierra National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sierra National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>SQFa</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sequoia National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sequoia National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>STFa</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Stanislaus National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Stanislaus National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>STI</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Stillwater Sciences</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sierra Nevada</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>TMUa</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>LTBMU</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>TMUb</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>LTBMU</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>TMUc</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>LTBMU</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>TNFa*</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Tahoe National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Tahoe National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>TNFb</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Tahoe National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Tahoe National Forest</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>UCD**</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>UC Davis</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sierra Nevada</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>WEIX</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>USFS Region 5 Range</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sierra Nevada</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>WIFL</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>USFS Region 5 Clearinghouse</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sierra Nevada</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR><TR><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>YOSEa</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>UC Merced</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD><TD><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Yosemite National Park</SPAN></SPAN></P></TD></TR></TBODY></TABLE><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>*Restricted layer use* </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>**Two layers**</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Acknowledgements</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>We would like to acknowledge the following people for providing meadows data used in the Sierra Nevada Multi-Source Meadow Polygons Compilation (v 1.0):</SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Nathan Amboy</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Oswaldo Angulo</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>John Babin</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Eric Berlow</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Kirsten Bovee</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Cathy Brown</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Coye Burnet</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Leslie Chow</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Janet Coles</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Alan Doerr</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Elaine Elliott</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Shana Gross</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sally Hallowell</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Anthony Hewitt</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Heidi Hosler</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Luke Hunt</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Erin Lutrick</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Amy Merrill</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Steve Peaslee</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Mark Schug</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Michele Slaton</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Ed Tallyn</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Alissa Tanner</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Deb Tatman</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Heather Taylor</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Kurt Teuber</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Dave Weixelman</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Lucas Wilkinson</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Expanded Methods</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Sierra Nevada Multi-Source Meadow Polygons Compilation</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>We used ArcGIS v10 (ESRI, Redlands, CA, USA) for all geoprocessing.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>A total of 44 meadows layers were collected from various individuals, agencies, and organizations. Layers varied in number of features and feature topology (i.e., points, lines, and polygons), meadow type (e.g., wet meadow, dry meadow, fen, etc.), extent (local vs. study area wide), method of creation (digitized from aerial photographs, geolocated (i.e., GPS’d), extracted from GIS layers, Feature Analyst), purpose, and accuracy. All layers were examined for completeness, attribution, and spatial precision. High quality data layers were selected for use in the composite data set, and in few cases selected features were extracted to represent restricted spatial extents. In other cases, selected point layers were used to generate representative polygons using high resolution aerial imagery (<= 1 m pixels). We deemed 32 meadows layers suitable for compilation (Compiled Sources Table).</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>We examined each layer, removed any duplicate features, and assigned a confidence rank based on source, method of creation, representativeness (feature accuracy), and spatial precision. Confidence ranks were assigned as either 1 (low) or 10 (high). Highly ranking layers were often created in the field by trained personnel using survey grade global position system receivers, whereas low ranking layers were often of large extent and high number of polygons (which decreased certainty that each individual polygon was an actual meadow) but whose polygons were generally accurate. All layers were reprojected into the NAD 1983 California Teale Albers coordinate system. Each layer was then rasterized (retaining the confidence rank) and snapped to a 10m digital elevation model of the study area to serve as geographic control. Raster cells representing open water from the National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) were removed, and resulting cells with ranks were summed. Only cells with a summed rank >2 were retained for further processing. A majority filter was run on the resulting remaining cells to reduce boundary heterogeneity, which replaced cell values based on the majority of the eight neighboring cells. Individual meadow polygons were created through a raster to vector conversion that treated all contiguous cells as a single part meadow feature with boundaries smoothed using the Polynomial Approximation with Exponential Kernel (PAEK; ArcGIS) method (20 m tolerance to reduce edge complexity). Polygons with an area less than 0.4 ha (< 1 acre) were removed from the final meadow composite, and lastly all remaining meadow features were assigned a unique identifier and cross-walked to original source layers. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 14 0;"><SPAN /><SPAN /></P><P STYLE="font-style:italic;font-weight:bold;margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN><SPAN>Additional Attributes</SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN STYLE="font-style:italic;"><SPAN>Geology</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>: Dominant rock type was attributed to the meadow polygons based on available state geology layers. Using the Identity (Analysis) tool in ArcGIS, the most abundant lithology in the map unit (ROCK_1) was identified for each meadow. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN STYLE="font-style:italic;"><SPAN>Vegetation</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>: The LANDFIRE dataset was used to attribute generalized vegetation (GROUPVEG) to the meadow polygons. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN STYLE="font-style:italic;"><SPAN>Soils</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>: SSURGO datasets were compiled for the entirety of the study area. Gaps were filled with compiled STATSGO data. Soil attributes include: COKEY (component key), Kf (soil erodibility factor), Clay_tot_r (representative value of total clay), map unit key (MUKEY), component name (COMP_NAME). Components were assigned based on the soil component with the highest representative value in the map unit in which the meadow was located. For each component, the clay and Kf values from the top-most horizon were assigned to each meadow polygon. </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN STYLE="font-style:italic;"><SPAN>Flow Length</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>: We ran the flow length geoprocessing tool across a state-wide 30m DEM then ran Zonal Statistics for each meadow on that raster. This tool measures the number of cells from each location to the nearest ridgetop. The flow range is the range value from the zonal statistics and reflects the range of distances to ridgetop across the meadow.</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN STYLE="font-style:italic;"><SPAN>Flow Slope</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>: A slope metric utilizing the range of elevation values (the rise) and the Flow Range previously described (the run). Output is effectively Range (Elevation) / Range (Flow Length to ridgetop) for each meadow.</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN /><SPAN /><SPAN STYLE="font-style:italic;"><SPAN>Catchment Area</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>: The approximate </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>area</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>of the upstream </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>catchment</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>exiting through the meadow. This is obtained by taking the highest value of a flow accumulation raster within the meadow and multiplying it by the raster's cell size. Not every meadow uses the same raster for calculations. Most meadows utilized the NHDPlus Version 1 30m Flow accumulation rasters and were automatically assigned to the appropriate raster based on geography. Due to an error in the Honey Lake </SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>area</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>, meadows along or very near the Susan Rivers, the North Fork Feather River, and the Sacramento River downstream of the confluence with the Feather River used a separate, less accurate flow accumulation raster we developed from a California-wide 30m DEM.</SPAN></SPAN></P><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN /><SPAN STYLE="font-style:italic;"><SPAN>Euclidean Distance</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>: Using the Euclidean Distance (Spatial Analyst) tool in ArcGIS, the minimum distance to each meadow was calculated for NHD Springs/Seeps, NHD Streams/Rivers, CA lakes, and FS Topographic Transportation. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P /><P STYLE="margin:0 0 0 0;"><SPAN STYLE="font-style:italic;"><SPAN>HGM Type</SPAN></SPAN><SPAN><SPAN>: Assigned based on plot coordinates provided by Dave Weixelman (USFS) for 438 meadows. </SPAN></SPAN></P><P><SPAN /></P><P /><P /></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Service Item Id: a972f3730613488cbf1e255bebdda21d
Copyright Text: Fryjoff-Hung & Viers, 2012. Sierra Nevada Multi-Source Meadow Polygons Compilation (v 1.0), Center for Watershed Sciences, UC Davis. December 2012. http://meadows.ucdavis.edu/
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN>The USFS compiled survey data for the all of the Fen Meadows in Region 5. This dataset is the resultant polygons from that effort, clipped to the Lake Tahoe Basin. The full Fen dataset from the USFS is saved here: F:\GIS\GIS_DATA\Meadow\Fens\Fen_Meadows_USFS.mdb</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Service Item Id: a972f3730613488cbf1e255bebdda21d
Copyright Text: United States Forest Service, Shana Gross, segross@fs.fed.us
Description: <DIV STYLE="text-align:Left;"><DIV><DIV><P><SPAN>Prior to this project high quality maps of aspen stands were lacking for the Lake Tahoe Basin. We generated a high resolution digitized aspen stand map using a variety of images from Google Earth and ArcMap. These included all available basemaps from both software programs as well as 2010 LIDAR canopy height and intensity data. To identify aspen sources we used data from the U.S. Forest Service and the Tahoe Basin Existing Vegetation Map as starting points. Available basemaps included both leaf-off and leaf-on dates. Leaf-off imagery was especially useful for identifying aspen trunks and downed wood and for performing mapping of individual conifer crowns within aspen stands. The 0.92 version of this product was produced by Hannah Williams and Tom Dilts at the University of Nevada Reno with input from Stephanie Coppetto of the US Forest Service and Scott Cecchi of the Tahoe Conservancy.</SPAN></P></DIV></DIV></DIV>
Service Item Id: a972f3730613488cbf1e255bebdda21d
Copyright Text: Dilts, T.E., Williams, H.P., Refsland, T.K., Cushman, J.H. (2020) Lake Tahoe Basin Aspen Map of 2018 version 0.92. Geospatial Data (shapefile and KMZ). University of Nevada Reno. Available at https://nevada.box.com/s/o5lbh3eh939kb5yn9otaeeetlo3rkd84. Created 1/16/2020.
Description: The Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD) is a comprehensive aggregated collection of hydrologic unit data consistent with the national criteria for delineation and resolution. It defines the areal extent of surface water drainage to a point except in coastal or lake front areas where there could be multiple outlets as stated by the "Federal Standards and Procedures for the National Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD)" “Standard” (http://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11/a3/). Watershed boundaries are determined solely upon science-based hydrologic principles, not favoring any administrative boundaries or special projects, nor particular program or agency. This dataset represents the hydrologic unit boundaries to the 12-digit (6th level) for the entire United States. Some areas may also include additional subdivisions representing the 14- and 16-digit hydrologic unit (HU). At a minimum, the HUs are delineated at 1:24,000-scale in the conterminous United States, 1:25,000-scale in Hawaii, Pacific basin and the Caribbean, and 1:63,360-scale in Alaska, meeting the National Map Accuracy Standards (NMAS). Higher resolution boundaries are being developed where partners and data exist and will be incorporated back into the WBD. WBD data are delivered as a dataset of polygons and corresponding lines that define the boundary of the polygon. WBD polygon attributes include hydrologic unit codes (HUC), size (in the form of acres and square kilometers), name, downstream hydrologic unit code, type of watershed, non-contributing areas, and flow modifications. The HUC describes where the unit is in the country and the level of the unit. WBD line attributes contain the highest level of hydrologic unit for each boundary, line source information and flow modifications.
Service Item Id: a972f3730613488cbf1e255bebdda21d
Copyright Text: Funding for the Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD) was provided by the USDA-NRCS, USGS and EPA along with other federal, state and local agenciesies. Representatives from many agencies contributed a substantial amount of time and salary towards quality review and updating of the dataset in order to meet the WBD Standards. Acknowledgment of the originating agencies would be appreciated in products derived from these data. See dataset specific metadata for further information
Description: The Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD) is a comprehensive aggregated collection of hydrologic unit data consistent with the national criteria for delineation and resolution. It defines the areal extent of surface water drainage to a point except in coastal or lake front areas where there could be multiple outlets as stated by the "Federal Standards and Procedures for the National Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD)" “Standard” (http://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11/a3/). Watershed boundaries are determined solely upon science-based hydrologic principles, not favoring any administrative boundaries or special projects, nor particular program or agency. This dataset represents the hydrologic unit boundaries to the 12-digit (6th level) for the entire United States. Some areas may also include additional subdivisions representing the 14- and 16-digit hydrologic unit (HU). At a minimum, the HUs are delineated at 1:24,000-scale in the conterminous United States, 1:25,000-scale in Hawaii, Pacific basin and the Caribbean, and 1:63,360-scale in Alaska, meeting the National Map Accuracy Standards (NMAS). Higher resolution boundaries are being developed where partners and data exist and will be incorporated back into the WBD. WBD data are delivered as a dataset of polygons and corresponding lines that define the boundary of the polygon. WBD polygon attributes include hydrologic unit codes (HUC), size (in the form of acres and square kilometers), name, downstream hydrologic unit code, type of watershed, non-contributing areas, and flow modifications. The HUC describes where the unit is in the country and the level of the unit. WBD line attributes contain the highest level of hydrologic unit for each boundary, line source information and flow modifications.
Service Item Id: a972f3730613488cbf1e255bebdda21d
Copyright Text: Funding for the Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD) was provided by the USDA-NRCS, USGS and EPA along with other federal, state and local agenciesies. Representatives from many agencies contributed a substantial amount of time and salary towards quality review and updating of the dataset in order to meet the WBD Standards. Acknowledgment of the originating agencies would be appreciated in products derived from these data. See dataset specific metadata for further information
Description: The Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD) is a comprehensive aggregated collection of hydrologic unit data consistent with the national criteria for delineation and resolution. It defines the areal extent of surface water drainage to a point except in coastal or lake front areas where there could be multiple outlets as stated by the "Federal Standards and Procedures for the National Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD)" “Standard” (http://pubs.usgs.gov/tm/11/a3/). Watershed boundaries are determined solely upon science-based hydrologic principles, not favoring any administrative boundaries or special projects, nor particular program or agency. This dataset represents the hydrologic unit boundaries to the 12-digit (6th level) for the entire United States. Some areas may also include additional subdivisions representing the 14- and 16-digit hydrologic unit (HU). At a minimum, the HUs are delineated at 1:24,000-scale in the conterminous United States, 1:25,000-scale in Hawaii, Pacific basin and the Caribbean, and 1:63,360-scale in Alaska, meeting the National Map Accuracy Standards (NMAS). Higher resolution boundaries are being developed where partners and data exist and will be incorporated back into the WBD. WBD data are delivered as a dataset of polygons and corresponding lines that define the boundary of the polygon. WBD polygon attributes include hydrologic unit codes (HUC), size (in the form of acres and square kilometers), name, downstream hydrologic unit code, type of watershed, non-contributing areas, and flow modifications. The HUC describes where the unit is in the country and the level of the unit. WBD line attributes contain the highest level of hydrologic unit for each boundary, line source information and flow modifications.
Service Item Id: a972f3730613488cbf1e255bebdda21d
Copyright Text: Funding for the Watershed Boundary Dataset (WBD) was provided by the USDA-NRCS, USGS and EPA along with other federal, state and local agenciesies. Representatives from many agencies contributed a substantial amount of time and salary towards quality review and updating of the dataset in order to meet the WBD Standards. Acknowledgment of the originating agencies would be appreciated in products derived from these data. See dataset specific metadata for further information
Description: The National Hydrography Dataset (NHD) is a feature-based database that interconnects and uniquely identifies the stream segments or reaches that make up the nation's surface water drainage system. NHD data was originally developed at 1:100,000-scale and exists at that scale for the whole country. This high-resolution NHD, generally developed at 1:24,000/1:12,000 scale, adds detail to the original 1:100,000-scale NHD. (Data for Alaska, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands was developed at high-resolution, not 1:100,000 scale.) Local resolution NHD is being developed where partners and data exist. The NHD contains reach codes for networked features, flow direction, names, and centerline representations for areal water bodies. Reaches are also defined on waterbodies and the approximate shorelines of the Great Lakes, the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and the Gulf of Mexico. The NHD also incorporates the National Spatial Data Infrastructure framework criteria established by the Federal Geographic Data Committee.
Description: The current BMP Certificate and Source Certificate Status of parcels in the Tahoe Basin. For more information, please visit www.tahoebmp.org